Martin Luther King, Jr.
"The fight to make the Martin Luther King Jr. birthday a holiday took 32 years, a lot of campaigning, and guest appearances including Stevie Wonder, Ted Kennedy, and the National Football League.
King’s birthday was finally approved as a federal holiday in , and all 50 states made it a state government holiday by Officially, King was born on January 15, in Atlanta. But the King holiday is marked every year on the third Monday in January.
The King Center in Atlanta has a detailed chronology of how the efforts, starting shortly after King’s death in , paid off in the long run. It wasn’t an easy task for holiday supporters, who had to push hard in Congress to get the federal holiday created. A second battle took place to get individual states to also recognize the holiday, with often emotional disagreements in two states.
Today, the King holiday serves multiple purposes: It honors the total legacy of King; focuses on the issue of civil rights; highlights the use of nonviolence to promote change; and calls people into public service."
Source: The National Constitution Center
Martin Luther King Jr. | Biography
Martin Luther King Jr. was a prominent civil rights leader whose nonviolent activism transformed the fight for racial equality in America.
Who is Martin Luther King Jr.?
Martin Luther King Jr. was a pivotal Baptist minister and civil rights activist who profoundly influenced race relations in the United States. Born on January 15, , in Atlanta, Georgia, he emerged as a leader during the Civil Rights Movement in the mids. Through his powerful speeches and commitment to nonviolent protest, King played a fundamental role in dismantling legal segregation, resulting in key legislative changes such as the Civil Rights Act of and the Voting Rights Act of His efforts earned him the Nobel Peace Prize in , recognition of his unwavering dedication to combating racial injustice and promoting equality.
King's activism was rooted in a philosophy of nonviolence, inspired by the teachings of Mahatma Gandhi and reinforced by his Christian beliefs. He founded the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC), which used nonviolent resistance to address systemic social injustices. King’s oratory skills, exemplified in his iconic &
Martin Luther King – Biography
Martin Luther King, Jr., (January 15, April 4, ) was born Michael Luther King, Jr., but later had his name changed to Martin. His grandfather began the family's long tenure as pastors of the Ebenezer Baptist Church in Atlanta, serving from to ; his father has served from then until the present, and from until his death Martin Luther acted as co-pastor. Martin Luther attended segregated public schools in Georgia, graduating from high school at the age of fifteen; he received the B. A. degree in from Morehouse College, a distinguished Negro institution of Atlanta from which both his father and grandfather had been graduated. After three years of theological study at Crozer Theological Seminary in Pennsylvania where he was elected president of a predominantly white senior class, he was awarded the B.D. in With a fellowship won at Crozer, he enrolled in graduate studies at Boston University, completing his residence for the doctorate in and receiving the degree in In Boston he met and married Coretta Scott, a young woman of uncommon intellectual and artistic attainments. Two sons and two daughters were born into the family.
In , Martin Lu
Gray, Fred David, Sr.
December 14,
Martin Luther King once described lawyer and activist Fred Gray as “the brilliant young Negro who later became the chief counsel for the protest movement” (King, 41). Gray provided legal advice to Rosa Parks, King’s Montgomery Improvement Association, the local branch and state conference of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, and the Montgomery Progressive Democratic Association.
Born on 14 December , in Montgomery, Alabama, Gray was ordained a Christian minister as a teenager and, following high school, he received a BS from Alabama State College for Negroes () and an LLB from Case Western Reserve University in Cleveland, Ohio (). Gray then returned to Montgomery to open his private law practice while also serving as minister to the Holt Street Church of Christ. Gray recalled that he was anxious to return to Montgomery to “destroy everything segregated” (Gray, 19).
During the Montgomery bus boycott, Gray’s leadership and legal counsel played a crucial role in the successful desegregation of Montgomery buses. He defended Claudette Colvin and Rosa Parks against charges of disorde
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